Which bone type is primarily involved in red blood cell production?

Red blood cell production primarily takes place in the red marrow found within cancellous bones, commonly known as spongy or trabecular bone. These bones have a higher surface area and a network-like structure that provides an ideal environment for hematopoiesis, the process of forming blood cells.

Cancellous bone is located within the interior of certain bones, such as the vertebrae, ribs, sternum, and pelvis, which are particularly rich in red marrow. This structure facilitates the production and storage of blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. In contrast, while long bones do contain red marrow at the ends (epiphyses), they also have a significant amount of yellow marrow that mainly stores fat. Compact bones mainly provide strength and structure but are not involved in blood cell production.